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PNT X Datasheet

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Datasheet with Product Specification MS10000 Issue 1-06 February 2025Spirent PNT X2 | spirent.comTable of ContentsPNT X Overview ..........................................................................................................................................................4PNT X Signal Generator .....................................................................................................................................4C50 X Host Controller .........................................................................................................................................4Infinite Scalability.................................................................................................................................................5GNSS Authorised Testing ........................................................................................................................................5GPS Authorised Testing......................................................................................................................................5Galileo Authorised Testing ..................................................................................................................................5SimGEN Control Software .........................................................................................................................................6Ultimate Performance, Realism, Flexibility and Simplicity ....................................................................................7Full GNSS Support..............................................................................................................................................72kHz System Iteration Rate ................................................................................................................................7Remote Control - HIL ..........................................................................................................................................7Secure by Design ................................................................................................................................................7Realistic Navigation Warfare (NAVWAR) Testing....................................................................................................8Terrain Modelling.................................................................................................................................................8Jamming..............................................................................................................................................................8Spoofing ..............................................................................................................................................................8I/Q Spatial Awareness.........................................................................................................................................9True PNT Testing ........................................................................................................................................................9LEO PNT .............................................................................................................................................................9Custom Waveform Definition ..............................................................................................................................9S-band.................................................................................................................................................................9Inertial Sensors .................................................................................................................................................10Other Information......................................................................................................................................................10System Upgrades ...................................................................................................................................................10System Calibration .................................................................................................................................................10Detailed Performance Specifications .....................................................................................................................11GNSS Signals.........................................................................................................................................................11System Performance..............................................................................................................................................12Performance in Multi-Chassis Configurations...................................................................................................16Connectivity ............................................................................................................................................................17Physical and Environmental Properties .................................................................................................................18Accreditation and Compliance................................................................................................................................18Related Brochures, Data Sheets and Specifications ............................................................................................19Eco-Profile .................................................................................................................................................................20Restricted Substances ...........................................................................................................................................21Packaging...............................................................................................................................................................21

3 | spirent.comList of TablesTable 1: GNSS Signals Supported .............................................................................................................................11Table 2: Performance Levels for PNT X.....................................................................................................................12Table 3: Embedded Interference Option – Signal Performance.................................................................................13Table 4: Other Features..............................................................................................................................................15Table 5: Signal Generator Connectivity......................................................................................................................17Table 6: C50r SimGEN Host Connectivity..................................................................................................................17Table 7: Physical and Environmental Properties........................................................................................................18Table 8: Safety and EMC Compliance .......................................................................................................................18Table 9: Related Product References ........................................................................................................................19Table 10: Physical and Environmental Properties......................................................................................................20Table 11: Power Efficiency (Input Mode)....................................................................................................................20List of FiguresFigure 1: PNT X Simulation System .............................................................................................................................4Figure 2: SimGEN scenario running on the C50 X.......................................................................................................6Figure 3: SimGEN running a 3D scenario in White Sands with 2 interference transmitters ........................................8Figure 4: Materials Used for PNT X............................................................................................................................21

Datasheet with Product Specification MS10000 Issue 1-06 February 2025Spirent PNT X4 | spirent.comPNT X OverviewSpirent PNT X is a revolutionary simulation system that addresses the increasing complexity of the PNT environment. This all-in-one solution generates all GNSS constellations, RF threats, and signals of opportunity available for comprehensive test coverageand high realism. In an era when compromising on PNT performance is not an option, PNT X delivers new patented capabilities,simplified software for configuring complex test scenarios, and critical simulation integrity to ensure trustworthy results.PNT X is the 6th generation of Spirent’s GNSS and PNT simulators. It’s flexible software-defined hardware architecture comprisesa signal generator and a dedicated C50 X host controller running Spirent’s SimGEN™ software (Figure 1).Figure 1: PNT X Simulation SystemPNT X Signal GeneratorThe PNT X signal generator can be configured with up to 10 SDR cards1 generating up to 640 independent signals in total. EachSDR card comes with 64 channels enabled and is capable of supporting any number of licenced GNSS constellations within thesame frequency band. The configuration of constellations and frequencies per SDR card is fixed for the duration of the scenario.The PNT X signal generator has the following RF outputs:• 2 combined RF outputs at the front panel for GNSS nominal power levels.• 10 individual RF outputs (each of them connected to a SDR card) at the front panel for single channel applications 2.• 2 combined RF outputs at the rear panel for high power levels (50 dBs above nominal).By means of an output block, the SDR cards are linked to the combined RF outputs. By default, this combination is achieved byallocating up to 5 SDR cards behind RF1 and up to 5 SDR cards behind RF2. For single antenna applications, all 10 SDR cardscan be combined into a single RF output on the front pannel connecting the loopback cable provided with the signal generator.The inherent flexibility of the hardware architecture also allows for an optional arrangement of SDR cards with up to 8 behind RF1and up to 2 behind RF2. Applications for this configuration include dual-frequency embedded interference or GNSS + LEO3.C50 X Host ControllerThe signal generator is controlled by a dedicated, rack-mountable C50 X host controller, which is a Spirent proprietary design,multi-processor/core system, configured with a mixed Operating System (OS) environment (Debian 11 Linux and Windows® 10LTSC IOT 2021 [Virtualisation Only]). This combination of processing power and dual OS provides the perfect platform to enablePNT X new bench-mark performance levels, and to support Spirent’s SimGEN scenario definition and simulation control softwareapplication.PNT X integrates a diverse technology stack that leverages the right technology for every application. The C50 X incorporates theindustry-proven purpose-designed FPGA-based SDR architecture used for GNSS signal generation as well as a NVIDIA® GPU.1 A “SDR card” consists of a digital signal generator and an RF upconverter.2 Please, contact Spirent for multichannel applications3 Default configuration of L-band + S-band systems is also 8:2 (up to 8 SDR cards for L-band and up to 2 for S-band).

5 | spirent.comThe GPU is leveraged in a targeted manner for specific software applications such as real-time 3D multipath calculations, I/Qspatial awareness and generating Xona signals. Optionally, a second GPU can be accommodated in the host controller 4.Infinite ScalabilityEach PNT X solution offers the flexibility of scalable signal generation, allowing for seamless control of multiple signal generatorswithin a unified system orchestrated by a single SimGEN scenario5. This configuration is suitable for applications requiring morethan 2 combined RF outputs or the simulation of a high number of independent signals.Spirent provides rack solutions tailored to accommodate PNT X systems and all associated ancillaries, including a signaldistribution unit and a multi-chassis combiner unit.Contact Spirent to discuss and customize your requirements for optimal performance and functionality.GNSS Authorised Testing6GPS Authorised TestingPNT X supports GPS authorised testing via a range of additional options.• Selective Availability/Anti-Spoofing (SA/A-S) simulation. The applicable package is SimSAAS (for authorised customersin USA) or SimCLASS (for authorised non-US customers).• MNSA M-Code requires the SimMNSA option which is available for US authorised users only.• AES M-Code requires the SimMCODE option – US customers can purchase directly from Spirent subject to approval byUS authorities; non-US customers can only purchase SimMCODE software via Foreign Military Sales (FMS) program.• SDS-M-Code requires the SimMCODE and SDS-M-Code via data server option7 – US customers can purchase directlyfrom Spirent subject to approval by US authorities; non-US customers can only purchase SDS software via ForeignMilitary Sales (FMS) program.In all cases, the options are available for authorised users only.Further detail is given in Detailed Performance Specifications.Galileo Authorised TestingGalileo FOC authorised testing can be supported with the Public Regulated Signal (PRS) at E1 and E6 and the encrypted part ofthe Commercial Service (CS) at E6. Full PRS requires the PRS[WARE] upgrade option. Full CS requires the SimCS upgradeoption, (which also enables Safety-of-Life at E5). Both PRS[WARE] and SimCS provide the required full PRN data for therespective signals they support (non-authorised users are only supplied with ‘dummy’ data for these signals).In all cases, the options are available for authorised users only.Order processing for the “PRS[WARE]” solution is entirely managed by LZE GmbH of Erlangen, Germany, with Munich-basedFraunhofer lIS having complete responsibility for the current and future development, fulfilment and support of PRS[WARE]operating on the Spirent PNT X and future Spirent GNSS test solutions.Fraunhofer lIS is the sole owner of PRS[WARE] software/firmware, therefore, all issues and questions relating to PRS andPRS[WARE] must be directed to Fraunhofer lIS.Spirent cannot provide any support relating to PRS, please contact LZE and Fraunhofer IIS directly for all questions relating tothe PRS capability and ordering.LZE can be contacted as follows:LZE GmbH, Tel: +49 9131 92894-85, contact@prs-ware.de4 A second GPU is required to run simultaneously 2 GPU software applications.5 Performance of PNT X in multi-chassis configurations can vary depending on several factors. Please refer to the Performance in Multi-ChassisConfigurations section for more information.6 Please see relevant datasheets for the authorized testing products.7 SDS-M-Code via data server option is not a customer in-field upgrade.

Datasheet with Product Specification MS10000 Issue 1-06 February 2025Spirent PNT X6 | spirent.comSimGEN Control SoftwareSimGEN is recognized as the most comprehensive GNSS and PNT simulation software, continuously evolving over 40 years inclose alignment with the GNSS industry and authorities. Renowned for its unmatched capability and performance for scenariodefinition, execution and data management, SimGEN also features cutting-edge 3D scenario support alongside its rich featureset.Figure 2: SimGEN scenario running on the C50 XPrecise Signal Definition• Fully automatic and propagated generation of satellite orbital data, ephemerides and almanac, as well as capability toclosely align simulated signals to live-sky (see MS3121).• Multiple mechanisms for applying declared and undeclared errors and modifications to navigation data, satellite clocksand orbits.• Independent satellite signal power, pseudorange8, modulation and code control.• DGPS corrections.• Leap-second and week roll-over event testing.Advanced Simulation of Signal Impairments and Threats• Terrain modelling features for real-time obscuration and multipath calculations based on a 3D scene.• Simulation of ionospheric and tropospheric effects, including ionospheric scintillation.• Coherent and non-coherent interference and noise modelling.• Multi-copy constellations and spoofing capabilities.Configurable Vehicle and Antenna Models• In-built customisable dynamics models for aircraft, spacecraft, LEO satellites, marine vessels and land vehicles.• Reception and satellite transmit antenna gain, phase and polarisation pattern control.• Application of antenna lever arm effects – including fast-spinning vehicles.• Consideration of clock g-sensitivity.Real-Time and Post-Processing Tools• Data logging and streaming of signal, time, control, vehicle and trajectory data over a variety of interfaces.• In-built gRPC schema to support external applications written in different programming languages (e.g., Python, C++,Java).8 Including the ability to simulatie pseudorange ramps for RAIM testing.

7 | spirent.comUltimate Performance, Realism, Flexibility and SimplicityPNT X is Spirent’s sixth generation PNT simulation system. This pioneering test platform has been designed to protect systemsin the harshest RF environments. It simplifies comprehensive testing, delivering deterministic results from mission-criticalscenarios. With unrivaled flexibility and the highest fidelity, PNT X brings together more signals from more sources under oneplatform, reducing lab footprint while maintaining optimal results.Signal performance specification is met under ALL operating conditions, including the full range of ultra-high dynamics.Full GNSS SupportWhether testing multi-frequency or multi-constellation receivers, PNT X offers the most comprehensive GNSS test solution,including global and regional systems, open and secure signals, with up-to-date ICDs. All open GNSS signals can be upconvertedto RF or recorded into I/Q files for software receiver testing by means of SimIQ Capture (see MS3108).PNT X can generate up to 4 embedded multipath channels per satellite signal source. These multipath channels are delayed andattenuated copies of the primary channel and are applied to the first 16 channels of each SDR radio card9. The delay andattenuation of each path is user-specified. This includes real-time modification of the individual embedded multipath channels interms of power level (up to -60 dB) and code delay (up to 4000 m) through a remote interface.2kHz System Iteration RateDue to its standard 2 kHz update rate, PNT X faithfully reproduces true motion for high-dynamics vehicles in RF. This capabilityis particularly important in cases where rapid acceleration and high-jerk dynamics are essential characteristics of the vehicle undertest, such as missiles, space shuttles and drones. A faster update rate also reduces latency for HIL test environments (2 ms in allscenario configurations) - enabling trajectory and motion data from third-party hardware and software systems to be processedfaster and more precisely.Enhanced Spinning Model10: PNT X features an optional mode for fast spinning vehicles that increases the update rate to 100kHz along the spinning axis to account for high pseudorange variations due to the angular dynamics at a given level armdistance11,12.Remote Control - HILEither via Ethernet, GPIB or SCRAMNet, PNT X can be remotely accessed and controlled via SimREMOTE (see MS3015)13.SimREMOTE includes a comprehensive suite of commands for:• Simulation control: such as selecting scenarios, start/stop and run-time control.• Signal modification: finite manipulation of signal phase, delay and Doppler plus enabling/disabling of codes/data.• Trajectory delivery: 6DOF trajectory delivery in real-time or from a file up to 2000Hz update rate.gRPC: In addition, a gRPC schema is provided to automatically generate idiomatic clients for SimGEN service in a variety oflanguages and platforms, including C++, Java and Python.Spyder: SimGEN installation also comes by default with Spyder, an open-source Python development environment. Combined with pre-loaded gRPCschema, users can now write their own scripts, applications and software add-ons in order to schedule tests, control the scenario execution and managesimulation data.• Post-process SimGEN logging data using Python libraries.• Accelerate the development of simulation software tools.• Define self-explanatory test flows and share results with Jupiter Notebooks.Secure by DesignPNT X has been designed with security at the front of mind. Consequently, it addresses general CAT I and CAT II STIGrequirements as well as some CAT III vulnerabilities such as secure boot capabilities. The system is equipped with a TPM 2.0(ISO/IEC 11889) chip on the motherboard, ensuring futureproofing for more demanding implementations of the STIG compliance.PNT X can be also equipped with an optional self-encrypting FIPS-compliant SSD for users who need an extra layer of protectionto their data at rest. In that case, for each C50 X a passphrase must be entered and validated before the controller boots to unlockthe drive via terminal access.9 Embedded multipath is a SimGEN default feature independent from other multipath solutions such as 3D or statistical models. This feature iscompatible with SimIQ, allowing the generation of RF from 32 primary channels + 48 multipath channels + I/Q.10 Access to this feature is restricted and can only be supplied under a UK Export License.11 In this mode of operation, each SDR card can generate up to 8 channels.12 Compatible with all open GNSS signals. Please, contant Spirent for information related to authorised signal support.13 SimREMOTE implementation in PNT X is backwards compatible with all Spirent portfolio SimREMOTE scripts and applications.

Datasheet with Product Specification MS10000 Issue 1-06 February 2025Spirent PNT X8 | spirent.comRealistic Navigation Warfare (NAVWAR) TestingPNT X stands out as the ultimate PNT simulation platform, offering state-of-the-art simulation technology and intuitive controls forseamless evaluation of NAVWAR scenarios. Via SimGEN, users can replicate complex threat scenarios with high precision, eitherusing embedded controls for signal definition or with user-supplied I/Q data.Terrain ModellingPNT X offers a unique approach to simulating real-time multipath and obscuration effects based on an embedded syntheticenvironment and an advanced GNSS propagation model. This model relies on a 3D scene, which is used to generate the multipathand obscuration signature relative to the location of the receiver’s antenna14. The intuitive 3D visualization not only simplifies theconfiguration of complex settings but also facilitates the inclusion of elements like jammers, spoofers, and repeaters, providing acomprehensive and user-friendly solution for advanced scenario modelling.This 3D realism is applicable to any signals generated within the system, including all GNSS constellations and frequencies,jamming, spoofing, LEO and I/Q-defined transmitters.Figure 3: SimGEN running a 3D scenario in White Sands with 2 interference transmittersStatistical Multipath: In addition to the 3D multipath capabilities, SimGEN supports different models for multipath signals thatcan be applied to 1 or more echoes of the LoS. They range from basic statistical (sinusoidal multipath and fifth-order polynomialand Legendre multipath) and offset models (range, power or doppler offset) to more complex simulation models to represent theground reflections (including range and angle of arrival computations), signal reflections from building surfaces in an urbanenvironment (vertical plane) or the use of predefined echoes that change depending on the vehicle’s motion (reflection patternand land mobile multipath).JammingThe embedded interference option allows users to natively generate L-band interference alongside GNSS signals. A wide rangeof signal types and options is supported, including CW, FM, AM, PM, wideband AWGN, BPSK, CW pulses, chirp and matchedspectrum (see Table 3 for further information on the signal types supported and the definition parameters).SimIQ Replay Interference: PNT X allows the generation of high-power custom waveform interference from user supplied I/Qfiles, alongside standard SimGEN GNSS signals, using the 2RF interference-capable architecture. Via this feature key, SimGENallows the definition of transmitters objects that can be associated with the replayed I/Q file, using I/Q Spatial Awareness forenhanced realism (see MS3108).External Interference Simulator: PNT X can be also combined with Spirent’s external interference simulator, the GSS7765, tooffer a comprehensive solution for testing satellite navigation equipment in the presence of intentional or unintentional RFinterference. The GSS7765 offers a very broad range of interfering signal options, which may be used to represent a varied arrayof threat sources. The interference signals available include Continuous Wave (CW), AM and FM (pulsed signals also available).The interference simulator also supports noise generation with variable bandwidth. The seamless integration with PNT X offersfull support for SimGEN scenarios and control over the interference signal content and dynamics (see MS3055).SpoofingWith PNT X users can evaluate the spoofing risks associated with safety and liability-critical systems. The optional spoofing featurecovers cases such as meaconing, code/carrier attacks, navigation data attacks, application-level spoofing and multi-method14 3D visualisation and obscuration effects are part of SimGEN baseline package. Real-time multipath generation based on a 3D model is anoptional feature that uses an internal GPU to calculate these effects in real-time.

9 | spirent.comattacks. It can simulate up to 4 independent spoofers in a given scenario, allowing user definition of the following parameters foreach spoofer:• Number of transmitters (up to 64) and their dynamics.• Power level model.• False vehicle position (spoofed position).• Spoofing signal content selection, including navigation data and errors.• Independent and uncorrelated noise patterns with a fixed 90 MHz (3 dB bandwidth) noise source to simulate the uniquewideband thermal noise of each transmitter15.The resulting spoofer RF signal is automatically calculated by SimGEN based on user scenario settings, with the correct spoofersignal arrival angle and content. Spoofing is supported on the four GNSS constellations (GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou),QZSS and IRNSS16,17, provided that the appropriate constellation feature licence keys are present on PNT X.I/Q Spatial AwarenessI/Q spatial awareness is an optional software feature of PNT X that introduces a newly-patented method for modelling I/Q-basedsignals. After the definition of transmitter objects for the I/Q files in SimGEN scenario, I/Q spatial awareness applies thecorresponding attenuation to power levels, Doppler offsets and signal delays based on the distance from the I/Q-based transmitterto the antenna. This capability superimposes the realism of receiver antenna dynamics into I/Q data, making I/Q a valid alternativefor high-dynamic spoofing and interference scenarios18.True PNT TestingThe PNT industry is transitioning from its traditional reliance on GNSS L-band-only applications to adopting a more expansiveapproach that incorporates a broader spectrum of signals. This evolution is driven by the need for enhanced accuracy, reliability,and resilience as well as new PNT applications such as lunar navigation. For this reason, PNT X moves beyond GNSS and L-band to support the generation of alternative PNT signals alongside traditional GNSS from a single chassis, reducing the systemcomplexity and cost, and providing an all-in-one solution for these applications.LEO PNTPNT X incorporates native ultra-accurate LEO satellite dynamic models 19, considering user-defined parameters such asatmospheric drag, satellite mass, and surface area. These models provide precise trajectories in LEO, applicable to vehiclesunder test, as an extension to SimGEN native spacecraft model, and full constellations with hundreds of satellites. Created inpartnership with spaceborn receiver developer SpacePNT, the PNT X embedded LEO library provides real-time orbital informationwithin SimGEN.SimXona: SimXona enables the native generation of Xona Pulsar demonstration and production signals. The real-time generationof Xona orbits and signal content allow for its definition in conjunction with GNSS using a single SimGEN scenario (see MS3120).Custom Waveform DefinitionPNT X is built upon a flexible hardware architecture that allows the generation of user-definded RF signals. Custom waveforms,noise, interference or non-current ICD SIS can be easily generated at RF using the flexible signal simulation feature or directlyinjected using I/Q files.FLEX: The flexible signal simulation comprises built-in and user-configurable control and set-up of non-current SIS ICD PRNcodes, navigation data content, navigation data rate, chipping rate, edge shaping, and modulation types, as shown in Table 4. Asingle PNT X can accommodate up to 16 FLEX signal transmitters or SVs20, each comprising a primary and secondary code.SimIQ Replay: SimIQ Replay allows the generation of user-defined RF signals from I/Q. With this optional feature, PNT X cangenerate RF from up to 3 simultaneous L-band or S-band I/Q files, allowing sample rates up to 60 Msps and up to 16-bit bitdepth.This feature is also compatible with I/Q spatial awareness (see MS3108).S-bandIntroducing new internal SDR cards specifically designed for S-band signals. Native S-band RF generation is now possible forregional GNSS constellations, LEO and novel PNT applications. This solution is compatible with SimIQ Replay, supporting staticand dynamic I/Q-based transmitters enhanced with Spatial Awareness and terrain modelling.S-band signals are generated using a separate RF output on the PNT X, allowing a maximum of 2 SDR cards per signal generator.15 Up to 4 noise patterns per SDR card.16 GPS: L1, L2, L5. BD: B1i, B2i, B2a, B1c, B3i, B2b. GAL: E1, E5, E6. GLO: F1, F2, C1, C2, C3. QZSS: L1, L2, L5, L6. IRNSS: L1, L5, S.17 Authorised users should contact Spirent for information related to spoofing support with SimMCODE and SimMNSA.18 This feature is currently not available for external real-time DUT trajectory input.19 Feature key required.20 Up to 2 FLEX-capable SDR cards per signal generator with 8 FLEX signal transmitters each. Contact Spirent for tailored configurations.

Datasheet with Product Specification MS10000 Issue 1-06 February 2025Spirent PNT X10 | spirent.comInertial SensorsVia SimINERTIAL™, PNT X provides full support for a wide variety of data interfaces, formats and sensors, includingaccelerometers, gyroscopes, magnetometers, compasses and barometers.Coupled with Spirent’s PNT X, and powered by SimGEN, Spirent’s inertial simulation tools provide real-time emulation of rawmeasurements that can be fed into filters within the positioning engine.Spirent’s inertial simulation tools enable users of embedded GPS/inertial systems (EGIs), individually coupled GNSS/INS systems(IGIs) or standalone IMUs to simulate coherent GNSS and sensor measurements to evaluate the positioning algorithms. Modellingphysical sensors using accurate error parameters in our simulation environment enables users to tune integrations and algorithmsprior to deployment.For further information, see MS3030.Other InformationSystem UpgradesThe software-defined architecture of PNT X facilitates in-field upgrades to meet customer evolving needs. These include:• Integration with another PNT X signal generator for multi-output applications.• Addition of SDR cards to increase the maximum number of signals generated.• Enabling software features such as 3D multipath, spoofing or I/Q Spatial Awareness.• Adding constellation feature keys to enables other GNSS signal types.See Table 9 for additional upgrade options. Please, contact Spirent to discuss your requirements.System CalibrationPNT X is calibrated to the ISO/IEC 17025 standard at the time of purchase. Calibration is not affected by storage of up to 180days prior to its initial receipt. The following recalibration of PNT X shall be based on when the product is put into service and firstused. The recommended calibration interval is 12 months. Annual recalibration must be carried out at a Spirent facility oraccredited laboratory to maintain this accreditationThe installation of additional purchased radio cards or performing calibrations outside of a Spirent authorized ISO/IEC17025accredited laboratory will invalidate this accredited calibration. This includes customer use of the Auto Calibration Utility (whereinstalled) and certain upgrade procedures 21.21 Contact Spirent local representative for more information on system recalibration and how to renew the annual accreditation.

11 | spirent.comDetailed Performance SpecificationsGNSS SignalsTable 1: GNSS Signals SupportedSystem Carrier Signal Message Type Level22 NotesGPS L1 C/A Legacy -130.0 dBm Support for Y code requiresSimCLASS/SimSAAS OptionP Legacy -133.0 dBmL1c Pilot code CNAV-2 -128.25 dBmL1c Data code CNAV-2 -133.0 dBmM Noise - -128.5 dBm AES-M requires SimMCODEM requires SimMCODE and SDS-Mvia data server optionsMNSA requires SimMNSAL2 L2c or C/A CNAV -136.0 dBmP Legacy -136.0 dBmM Noise - -132.5 dBm AES-M requires SimMCODEM requires SimMCODE and SDS-Mvia data server optionsMNSA requires SimMNSAL5 I, Q CNAV -127.9 dBmGalileo E1 E1-A G/NAV -125.5 dBm PRS Galileo – Requires 3rd partyPRS[WARE] productE1-A PRS Noise - -125.5 dBmE1-B, E1-C(50/50 power sharing)I/NAV -128.0 dBm OS Galileo – Excludes SOL supportFOC Galileo – Includes SOLsupportE6 E6-A G/NAV -125.5 dBm PRS Galileo – Requires 3rd partyPRS[WARE] productE6-A PRS Noise - -125.5 dBmE6-B, E6C(50/50 power sharing)HAS -128.0 dBmE5ab E5a(I+Q) and E5b(I+Q)(50/50 power sharing)F/NAV, I/NAV -122.0 dBm OS Galileo – SupportedFOC Galileo – SupportedGLONASS F1 C/A Public -131 dBmP - -131 dBmF2 C/A Public -137 dBmP - -137 dBmL1 CDMA L1OC -128.5 dBmL2 CDMA L2OCp -128.5 dBmL3 CDMA L3OC -128.5 dBm22 Nominal power levels as defined by Spirent. Via SimGEN, the user can adjust nominal power levels to meet individual ICD conditions.

13 | spirent.comLimit of SignalDynamicsRelative Acceleration 192,600 m/s2 29Relative Jerk 890,400 m/s3Angular Rates (at 1.5 m lever arm)(indicative) (at 0.05 m lever arm)>15π rad/s>60π rad/sSignal Accuracy Pseudorange Accuracy 0.3 mm RMS 30Pseudorange Bias 0 mm RMS 31Delta-range Accuracy < ±1.0 mmRMSInter Frequency Alignment < ±230ps(±69mm)321PPS to RF Alignment < ±2 ns 33Spectral Purity Harmonics < -40 dBcIn-band Spurious < -182 dBW 34, 35Phase Noise (single sideband) < 0.005 RadRMS36Signal Stability Internal 10.00 MHz OCX Oscillator (after warm up) ± 5 x 10-10per dayEmbedded Multipath Fixed path-length delay per path 0 to 1245 mResolution (approximately) 2.5 mHIL System Latency 2 ms 37Table 3: Embedded Interference Option – Signal PerformanceParameter Detail Value FootnoteFrequency bands L1 1.57542 GHzL2 1.2276 GHzL5 1.17645 GHzL6 1.27875 GHzCarrier frequency offset Independent for each sourceRangeResolution± 25 MHz0.5 kHz3829 When operating at >=250 Hz SIR.30 For signal acceleration < 450 m/s2, jerk < 500 m/s3, 1000 Hz SIR.31 Single radio card – supporting up to 64 channels. When the same signal is generated across multiple radio cards the inter radio card biasuncertainty is +/-230ps (+/-69mm).32 PRN code alignment between frequency band.33 Between any RF carrier at the output port(s). Applicable for both single and multi-output systems.34 For relative velocities <50,000 m/s.35 In-Band Spurious Bandwidths (relative to centre frequency unless otherwise stated):GPS: L1 ± 20.5 MHz, L2 ± 20.5 MHz, L5 ± 20.5 MHzGalileo: E1 ± 20 MHz, E6 ± 20 MHz, E5a ± 25.5 MHz, E5b ± 25.5 MHzGLONASS: (relative to channel frequency 0) L1 ± 20 MHz, L2 ± 20 MHzBeiDou: B1/B2 ± 20.5 MHz36 Value is typical, integrated over a 1 Hz to 10 kHz bandwidth. Worst case < 0.01 rad RMS.37 System latency is 4xSIR. At 2 kHz, system latency is 2ms.38 In addition to Doppler caused by vehicle motion. Applies to all signal types.

Datasheet with Product Specification MS10000 Issue 1-06 February 2025Spirent PNT X14 | spirent.comParameter Detail Value FootnoteSignal Purity Unmodulated in-band spuriousModulated in-band spurious≤ -60 dBm< 40 dBcBPSK Narrowband main lobe widthBroadband main lobe width0.1023 MHz20.46 MHzCW Pulse Pulse width 1 to 10000 μsPulse repetition interval range 50 to 10000 μsPulse repetition interval resolution 50 μsRise time (10% to 90%) 100 ns (max)On/Off ratio 30 dBAWGN 3 dB Variable Bandwidth From 0.1 to 90 MHz 39Bandwidth Resolution 0.01 MHzBandwidth accuracy ±5%FM CW FM deviation ±15 MHzFM rate 0.005 to 10 kHzFM rate step size 0.005 kHzModulating Waveform Triangular, sine, chirpChirp Deviation ±0.01 to ±15 MHzSweep Rate ±0.005 to 50 kHzModulation Type SawtoothAM Modulation depth 10 to 90%Modulation depth step size 10%AM rate 0.5 to 10 kHzModulating Waveform SinusoidalPM Modulation deviation ±0 to ±5 radPM rate 0.5 to 10 kHzModulating Waveform Sinusoidal39 Number of channels per SDR card is limited to 32 for 90 MHz AWGN signal generation.

15 | spirent.comParameter Detail Value FootnoteComb Waveforms CW, FM, AM, PMTone waveform frequency offset resolution 0.5 kHzRF Signal Level Single signal -47 dBm (max) 40Multiple signals -72 dBm (max) 41Minimum level per signal -117 dBmLinearity, per signal, >-97 dBm <0.1 dBLinearity: per signal, > –107 dBm <0.2 dBLinearity: per signal, > –117 dBm <0.5 dBTable 4: Other FeaturesParameter Detail Value Foot noteTerrain Modelling 3D Maps Cities: San Francisco, Tokyo, Paris,London, ShanghaiLandscapes: White Sands, FortHuachuca, Cape Pendleton, CapeCanaveral, Fort Moore42, 433D Multipath Max. Simulation Iteration Rates (SIR) 100 HzNo. of Multipath per LoS 1-8 443D Format Supported DTED (0,2) for a DTM (Digital TerrainModel).GeoTiff + ESRI shapefile, for any 3Dbuilding environment.FLEX Carriers L1,L2,L5,E1,E5,E6,B1,B2,QZL1 45Codes Two or three user-definable signals perSVCode Assignment +I, -I, +Q, -QCode Definition User-definable memory codes (primaryand secondary for each Flex signal)Base Chip Rate 1.023Chip Rate Multiplier 1, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10BOC Rates Multiplier Integer multiple of Base Chip RateNominal Signal Level -123 to -133Nav Message Standard for constellationLEO Orbital Models Max. number of satellites 50040 Single signal per SDR card (CW, FM, PM, Chirp), -49dBm (BPSK, pulsed CW), -53dBm (AM), -60dBm (AWGN).41 Per signal, up to 16 signals of AWGN on the same radio card – other signal types can be up to 3dB higher.42 The approximated size of each 3D map is 100 sqkm.43 All city maps are included with baseline PNT X package. The provision of landscape maps is subject to regional availability.44 User can define the number of multipath signals per LoS.45 Galileo E5 AltBOC signal structure is not supported.

Datasheet with Product Specification MS10000 Issue 1-06 February 2025Spirent PNT X16 | spirent.comPerformance in Multi-Chassis ConfigurationsThere is a practical limit to how much data can be reliably processed by the simulation engine at the designated simulation iterationrate. There are many factors that can influence the processing capacity of the simulation system, but in practical terms the mainsources are:1. The total number of active SDR cards (influenced by the number of antenna outputs in the configuration and the selectedsignal types).2. The total number of satellite signals (channel density).3. The volume of data logging enabled.The variety of permutations from these contributing factors is extremely difficult to fully characterise. Instead, Spirent providesguidance based on previously explored cases in order to set a reasonable expectation of the performance that can be achieved.For a system with a capability of 256 channels or greater:• The simulation iteration rate is recommended to be 100Hz.• SimGEN “truth” data logging capability, during real-time scenario run, should be limited to bulk logging in binary formator data-streaming UDP or nav data binary dump.• If high rate bulked log data is required, then two scenario runs can be employed. The first run in turbo mode to bulk logthe data and the second run in real time without logging data.If these operating criteria present a challenge to the intended test application, and for systems of more than 256 channels, Spirentis pleased to discuss the challenges of each user case and to determine whether an alternative system architecture might besuitable in those circumstances, via a Tailored Solution.

17 | spirent.comConnectivityTable 5: Signal Generator ConnectivityPort Type ParameterMain RF Port Output N-type coax female, 50 Ω, VSWR <1.2:1AC coupled ±50 V DC, maximum reverse RF30 dBmHigh Level RF Port Output N-type coax female, 50 Ω, VSWR <1.2:1AC coupled ±50 V DC, maximum reverse RF30 dBmIndividual RF Ports Output N-type coax female, 50 Ω, VSWR <1.2:1AC coupled ±50 V DC, maximum reverse RF30 dBmAuxiliary RF Input N-type coax female, 50 Ω, VSWR <1.4:10.5 to 2 GHz, Insertion Loss 14.5 dB typicalExternal Frequency Standard Input BNC coax socket, 50 Ω-5 to +10 dBm at 1 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHzInternal Frequency Standard Output BNC coax socket, 50 Ω10.00 MHz at +5 dBm nominal1PPS IN Input BNC coax socket, 50 Ω, TTL levelcompatible1PPS OUT Output BNC coax socket, 50 Ω, TTL levelcompatibleTrigger IN Input BNC coax socket, 50 Ω, TTL levelcompatiblePCI Express Private Bus Cabled PCIeTable 6: C50r SimGEN Host ConnectivityInterface Type ParameterPCI Express Private Bus Cabled PCIeUSB I/O Maximum of 4 spare ports for general fileaccessEthernet I/O RJ-45 Ethernet interface standard. Used forgeneral network access and available forremote control46Optional GPIB I/O Available for remote control and GSS7765controlOptional ScramNET I/O Available for remote control46 The SimREMOTE and SimPORT ethernet ports support up to 10 Gbps.

Datasheet with Product Specification MS10000 Issue 1-06 February 2025Spirent PNT X18 | spirent.comPhysical and Environmental PropertiesTable 7: Physical and Environmental PropertiesPart Parameter ValuePNT X Signal Generator Dimensions (H x W x D)(19” 4U chassis)177 x 482 x 665.8 mm6.97 x 18.98 x 26.21”Typical Weight <30 kg (66 lb)(configuration dependent)Electrical Power 100-240 V10A Max50 to 60 HzC50 X Host Controller Dimensions (H x W x D)(19” 4U chassis)177 x 486.8 x 638.6 mm6.97 x 19.17 x 25.14”Weight (excl. peripherals) <20.7 kg (45.6 lb)Electrical Power 100-240 V9A Max50 to 60 HzCommon Operating Environment +10 to +40°C (50 to 104°F)(40-90% RH, non-condensing)Storage Environment -40 to +60°C (-90 to 140°F)(20-90% RH, non-condensing)System Mean Time Between(component) Failure (MTBF)2,562,327 hours (per Bellcore 6)Accreditation and ComplianceTable 8: Safety and EMC ComplianceCompliance Applicable StandardSafety Low Voltage Directive (LVD) 2014/35/ECIEC 62368-1:2014 (Second Edition) Audio/video, information andcommunication technology equipment. Safety requirementsEMC EMC Directive 2014/30/ECEN 61326-1:2021 Electrical equipment for measurement, control andlaboratory use. EMC requirements. General requirementsMET MET Certification. Listing number E113897; MET Project Number109752UL 62368-1/CAN C22.2 CSA 62368-1, Second Edition: Audio/video,information and communication technology equipment. Safetyrequirements

19 | spirent.comRelated Brochures, Data Sheets and SpecificationsTable 9: Related Product ReferencesRelated Product Description Data Sheet /SpecificationSimGEN GNSS Software Suite MS3008GBAS GSS4150 VHF Data Broadcast Simulator for GBAS Product Specification MS3014SimREMOTE Simulator Remote Control Additional Options MS3015SimINERTIAL Inertial Sensor Emulation Option MS3030GSS7765 External Interference Generator MS3055SimBARO Barometric Pressure Emulation Option MS3056SimROUTE Road-Matched Trajectory generation Tool MS3073SimSENSOR MEMS Sensor Simulation Option MS3086Sim3D Real-time Multipath Simulation Software based on a Synthetic Environment MS3105SimIQ I/Q Data Generation and Replay Software Tool MS3108SimOSNMA Galileo Open Service Navigation Message Athentication Testing MS3111PNT Automation Test Orchestration and Automation Platform MS3119SimXona Xona Pulsar™ Signal Generation MS3120Standpoint Live-sky Synchronisation Solution MS3121SimCLASS GPS SA/A-S Upgrade Option (Non-USA) MS9020SimCS Galileo FOC Upgrade Option MS9043SimMNSASimMCODESDS-M-CodeMNSA M-code Upgrade OptionAES M-Code Upgrade OptionSDS-M-Code via server Upgrade to SimMCODEMS9018MS9048SimSAAS GPS SA/A-S Upgrade Option (USA only) SF1001

Datasheet with Product Specification MS10000 Issue 1-06 February 2025Spirent PNT X20 | spirent.comEco-ProfileThis Eco Profile outlines life-cycle environmental impacts of this product, and provides insights into its physical and environmentalproperties, energy efficiency, greenhouse gas emissions during use, materials composition, restricted substances, and packaging.It is designed to empower customers to minimize environmental impacts, optimize product efficiency, and adopt sustainable end-of-life solutions that prioritize recycling and reduce landfill waste.We are committed to reducing the environmental lifecycle impacts of our products through the following initiatives:• Designing products with sustainability and end-of-life considerations in mind• Minimizing product size, weight, noise, and energy consumption to enhance efficiency and reduce resource use, wherepossible• Incorporating advanced automation to improve performance and sustainability• Facilitating in-field servicing and upgrades to extend product lifespan and reduce waste• Integrating sustainability metrics into product development processes to drive continuous improvementFor more specific information on how sustainability applies to our products and services, please contact your Spirentrepresentative.Table 10: Physical and Environmental PropertiesParameter ValueApproximate Dimensions (HxWxD) (mm) 177 x 482 x 665.8 mm; 6.97 x 18.98 x 26.21” (19” 4U Chassis)Typical Mass (kg) 30 kg (66 lb) - configuration dependentOperating Environment (°C) +10 to +40°C (50 to 104°F) - 40-90% RH, non-condensingStorage Environment (°C) -40 to +60°C (-90 to 140°F) - 20-90% RH, non-condensingElectrical Power (W) 100-240; V9A Max; 50 to 60 HzTable 11: Power Efficiency (Input Mode) 47Mode Power Demand48 NotesOff 0 W Mains power offStandby 20 W Mains power on, unit offIdle 436 W Unit on, no outputOperating 507 W Unit on, scenario runningPower per Channel Bank - -Idle 26.3 W Unit on, no outputOperating 30.8 W Unit on, scenario running47 Typical use case scenario is configuration 1 x C50 X display and 1 x PNT X simulator (v10); four channel banks and 224 channels activated.Mains & front panel power / standby button switched on.48 All values apply to four channel banks fitted.

21 | spirent.comFigure 4: Materials Used for PNT XRestricted SubstancesThis product fully complies with all relevant global regulations including, but not limited to: The European Union’s Restriction ofHazardous Substances Directive (RoHS) Directive 2002/95/EC as amended by the RoHS Directive 2015/863; ManagementMethods on the Prevention and Control of Pollution caused by Electronic Information Products commonly known as “China RoHS”;European Union’s Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) Regulation 2006/1907/EC;European Union Battery Directive 2006/66/EC; The Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive (WEEE Directive) is aEuropean Community Directive, numbered 2012/19/EU.PackagingPackaging is made up of paper, composites and plastics and is 99.5% recyclable by weight. Paper-based packaging contains anestimated 70% recycled content and is FSC certified. Packaging weight is minimized. Our packaging does not contain hazardousor restricted substances and is fully compliant with the European Union Packaging and Packaging Waste Directive 1994/62/EC,as amended, and CEN packaging standards EN 13427:2005 as well as US Toxics in Packaging legislation.